Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

HPV subtypes in cervical cancer biopsies between 1930and 2004: detection using general primer pair PCR and sequencing

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Virchows Archiv Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Our objective was to investigate the practicability of sequencing DNA from formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue stored for up to 75 years and to study human papillomavirus subtype distribution in cervical neoplasias between 1931 and 2004. Three protocols for DNA retrieval were tested, and magnetic bead DNA extraction proved advantageous, as it gave superior specimen purity and effortless sequencing. Successful sequencing was achieved in more than 70% of the specimens from 1931 to 1960. This technique was utilized in the study of papillomavirus subtypes using general primer pair PCR with sequencing of the products in a series of 97 cases of neoplastic and non-neoplastic cervical specimens from 1931 to 1960 and 73 similar cases from 1992 to 2004. HPV was detected in 61% of neoplastic specimens from 1931 to 1960, and in 89% of those from 1992 to 2004. In specimens from 1931 to 1934, only HPV type 16 was detected, whereas in the specimens from 1940 and up, other HPV subtypes were identified in one-third of the cases. The difference was significant and suggests an increase in papillomavirus subtype heterogeneity in Western Norway during 1930–2000. The results strongly support the feasibility of using DNA from paraffin-embedded specimens for studying cancer etiology and genotypes over extended time periods.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

CIN 3:

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3

HPV:

Human papilloma virus

PBGD :

Porphobilinogen deaminase gene

SD:

Standard deviation

References

  1. Andersson S, Rylander E, Larsson B, Strand A, Silfversvard C, Wilander E (2001) The role of human papillomavirus in cervical adenocarcinoma carcinogenesis. Eur J Cancer 37:246–250

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bertelsen B, Steine S, Sandvei R, Molven A, Laerum O (2006) Molecular analysis of the PI3K-AKT pathway in uterine cervical neoplasia: frequent PIK3CA amplification and AKT phosphorylation. Int J Cancer 118:1877–1883

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Bjørge T, Thoresen SØ, Skare GB (1993) Incidence, survival and mortality in cervical cancer in Norway, 1956–1990. Eur J Cancer 29A:2291–2297

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Bosch FX, Lorincz A, Munoz N, Meijer CJ, Shah KV (2002) The causal relation between human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. J Clin Pathol 55:244–265

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Brüstle O, Ohgaki H, Schmitt HP, Walter GF, Ostertag H, Kleihues P (1992) Primitive neuroectodermal tumors after prophylactic central nervous system irradiation in children. Association with an activated K-ras gene. Cancer 69:2385–2392

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Busby-Earle RMC, Steel CM, Williams ARW, Cohen B, Bird CC (1994) p53 mutations in cervical carcinogenesis—low frequency and lack of correlation with human papillomavirus status. Br J Cancer 69:732–737

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Baak JP, Kruse AJ, Garland SM, Skaland I, Janssen EA, Tabrizi S, Fagerheim S, Robboy S, Nilsen ST (2005) Combined p53 and retinoblastoma protein detection identifies persistent and regressive cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Am J Surg Pathol 29:1062–1066

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Collins JE, Jenkins D, McCance DJ (1988) Detection of human papillomavirus DNA sequences by in situ DNA-DNA hybridisation in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive carcinoma: a retrospective study. J Clin Pathol 41:289–295

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. de Roda Husman A-M, Walboomers JMM, van den Brule AJC, Meijer CJLM, Snijders PJF (1995) The use of general primers GP5 and GP6 elongated at their 3′ ends with adjacent highly conserved sequences improves human papillomavirus detection by PCR. J Gen Virol 76:1057–1062

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Dubeau L, Chandler LA, Gralow JR, Nichols PW, Jones PA (1986) Southern blot analysis of DNA extracted from formalin-fixed pathology specimens. Cancer Res 46:2964–2969

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Goelz SE, Hamilton SR, Vogelstein B (1985) Purification of DNA from formaldehyde fixed and paraffin embedded human tissue. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 130:118–126

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Greer CE, Wheeler CM, Manos MM (1994) Sample preparation and PCR amplification from paraffin-embedded tissues. PCR Methods Appl 3:S113–S122

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Hummel S (2003) Ancient DNA typing. Methods, strategies and applications, 1st edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ibrahim SO, Vasstrand EN, Johannessen AC, Idris AM, Magnusson B, Nilsen R, Lillehaug JR (1999) Mutations of the p53 gene in oral squamous-cell carcinomas from Sudanese dippers of nitrosamine-rich toombak and non-snuff-dippers from the Sudan and Scandinavia. Int J Cancer 81:527–534

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Isola J, DeVries S, Chu L, Ghazvini S, Waldman F (1994) Analysis of changes in DNA sequence copy number by comparative genomic hybridization in archival paraffin-embedded tumor samples. Am J Pathol 145:1301–1308

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Iwamoto KS, Mizuno T, Ito T, Akiyama M, Takeichi N, Mabuchi K, Seyama T (1996) Feasibility of using decades-old archival tissues in molecular oncology/epidemiology. Am J Pathol 149:399–406

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Karlsen F, Kalantari M, Chitemerere M, Johansson B, Hagmar B (1994) Modifications of human and viral deoxyribonucleic acid by formaldehyde fixation. Lab Invest 71:604–611

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Kraus I, Molden T, Erno LE, Skomedal H, Karlsen F, Hagmar B (2004) Human papillomavirus oncogenic expression in the dysplastic portio; an investigation of biopsies from 190 cervical cones. Br J Cancer 90:1407–1413

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Kösel S, Graeber MB (1994) Use of neuropathological tissue for molecular genetic studies: parameters affecting DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 88:19–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Lehmann U, Kreipe H (2001) Real-time PCR analysis of DNA and RNA extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded biopsies. Methods 25:409–418

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Lewis F, Maughan NJ, Smith V, Hillan K, Quirke P (2001) Unlocking the archive-gene expression in paraffin-embedded tissue. J Pathol 195:66–71

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Munoz N, Bosch FX, de Sanjose S, Herrero R, Castellsague X, Shah KV, Snijders PJ, Meijer CJ (2003) Epidemiologic classification of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical cancer. N Engl J Med 348:518–527

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Munoz N, Bosch FX, Castellsague X, Diaz M, de Sanjose S, Hammouda D, Shah KV, Meijer CJ (2004) Against which human papillomavirus types shall we vaccinate and screen? The international perspective. Int J Cancer 111:278–285

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Rekand T, Male R, Myking AO, Nygaard SJ, Aarli JA, Haarr L, Langeland N (2003) Detection of viral sequences in archival spinal cords from fatal cases of poliomyelitis in 1951–1952. J Virol Methods 114:91–96

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989) Molecular cloning. A laboratory manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York

    Google Scholar 

  26. Scheffner M, Werness BA, Huibregtse JM, Levine AJ, Howley PM (1990) The E6 oncoprotein encoded by human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 promotes the degradation of p53. Cell 63:1129–1136

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Shibata D, Martin W, Arnheim N (1988) Analysis of DNA sequences in forty-year-old paraffin-embedded thin-tissue sections: A bridge between molecular biology and classical histology. Cancer Res 48:4564–4566

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Spandidos DA, Dokianakis DN, Kallergi G, Aggelakis E (2000) Molecular basis of gynecological cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci 900:56–64

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Taubenberger JK, Reid AH, Lourens RM, Wang R, Jin G, Fanning TG (2005) Characterization of the 1918 influenza virus polymerase genes. Nature 437:889–893

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Thompson CH, Rose BR, Cossart YE (1992) Detection of HPV DNA in archival specimens of cervical cancer using in situ hybridisation and the polymerase chain reaction. J Med Virol 36:54–59

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Tumpey TM, Basler CF, Aguilar PV, Zeng H, Solorzano A, Swayne DE, Cox NJ, Katz JM, Taubenberger JK, Palese P, Garcia-Sastre A (2005) Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus. Science 310:77–80

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. WHO (1995) Human papillomaviruses, 1st edn. World Health Organization, Lyon

    Google Scholar 

  33. WHO (1997) The world health report 1997: conquering suffering, enriching humanity. World Health Organization, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  34. Zariwala M, Schmid S, Pfaltz M, Ohgaki H, Kleihues P, Schafer R (1994) p53 gene mutations in oropharyngeal carcinomas: a comparison of solitary and multiple primary tumours and lymph-node metastases. Int J Cancer 56:807–811

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Zsikla V, Baumann M, Cathomas G (2004) Effect of buffered formalin on amplification of DNA from paraffin wax embedded small biopsies using real-time PCR. J Clin Pathol 57:654–656

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We thank Professor Anders Molven for expert advice and fruitful discussion. The Haukeland University Hospital Research Fund and The Norwegian Cancer Society provided the funds for this study.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, Norway

    Bjørn Inge Bertelsen, Robert Skar & Ole Didrik Laerum

  2. The Gade Institute, University of Bergen, 5021, Bergen, Norway

    Kalaiarasy Kugarajh & Ole Didrik Laerum

Authors
  1. Bjørn Inge Bertelsen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kalaiarasy Kugarajh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Robert Skar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Ole Didrik Laerum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bjørn Inge Bertelsen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bertelsen, B.I., Kugarajh, K., Skar, R. et al. HPV subtypes in cervical cancer biopsies between 1930and 2004: detection using general primer pair PCR and sequencing. Virchows Arch 449, 141–147 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-006-0232-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-006-0232-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation